THE AFTERMATH OF THE INNER CONFLICT IN SPAIN

Spain experienced a civil war from 1936 to 1939 while at the same time there were rivalries amongst the European powers: Britain and France, Germany and Italy and the Soviet Union.  In that context, the Republicans as well as The Nationalists wanted to gain control in Spain which resulted in one of the most savage civil conflicts Europe had ever seen.

The repression was enormous in the Nationalist side as well as in the Republican one. Executions and murders were common in those civil war days. On the national side, most of the executions were directed to labor and peasant militants, but also against some intellectuals such as Federico García Lorca. The ones who suffered the republican repression were mostly priests and clerics and some lays related to Church and the wealthier classes. It s likely that that situation has been the bloodiest persecution in the history of Christianity. Although the exact number of death people during the war is in dispute nowadays, the magnitudes of the repression exerted on the clergy are already familiar. Twenty percent of all clergy, 13 bishops, 4,172 priests, 2,364 monks and friars and 283 nuns and sisters in Spain were murdered during the civil war as a result of political and ideological differences among the two sides.

Universally known is the fact that “the Catholic Church is never bound to one form of government more than to another, provided the Divine rights of God and of Christian consciences are safe”. However, the Church´s alliance to the right side was clearly opposite to that of the left. The Republic constituted a real and grave danger to the Church and its message of hope and salvation, that could have been  the reason why the Church saw Franco as a tool of salvation. Despite the fact that most of the Spain population identified with Franco and the Church, they were not strong enough to impede the Republicans to advance. The historic privileges  of the Roman Catholic Church were attacked. Priests were no longer paid by the state so their salaries were no longer part of the Roman Catholic Church. That religious institution and the government were made two separate entities. Moreover, religious education in schools was stopped since the Church lost credibility among people.

It was not a little war, that civil conflict in Spain provoked not only deaths but also caused irreparable damage in several cities which lead people to tell a story with no end. It is almost impossible to calculate the number of casualties and only an approximation can de made, but it is estimated that some 500,000 died (though some versions say it is closer to one million). Thousands were exiled, many of them to France and South America. Despite all those atrocities, the Spanish civil war inspired several important artists to create thousands of paintings, novels, poetry and films that recount this dark time in Spanish history.

OUTLINE:

Introduction
ARGUMENTATIVE THESIS STATEMENT
(...) 'the Republicans as well as The Nationalists wanted to gain control in Spain which resulted in one of the most savage civil conflicts Europe had ever seen'


Supplementary material

1. Repression, murders and executions
2. Catholic Church outcome

Conclusion

(...) It was not a little war, that civil conflict in Spain provoked not only deaths but also caused irreparable damage in several cities which lead people to tell a story with no end.


GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

RESOURCES

·         Arte Historia´s website. Available at http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         BBC´s website. Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         Biografias y vidas´ website. Available at http://www.biografiasyvidas.com. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         CNA Catholic new agency´s website. Available at http://www.catholicnewsagency.com. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         Don Quijote Spanish language learning´s website. Available at http://www.donquijote.org/culture/spain/history/the-spanish-civil-war.asp. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         History learning site´s website. Available at http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/spanish_civil_war.htm Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         Spain thenandnow´s website. Available at http://www.spainthenandnow.com. Retrieved: September 24, 2013

·         The Spanish war history´s website. Available at http://www.spanishwars.net. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         UMass Amherst´s website. Available at http://www.umass.edu. Retrieved: September 25, 2013

·         Youtube´s website. Available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81RhewkQbOk. Retrieved: September 27, 2013

METACOGNITIVE ANALYSIS-WRITING

I am used to writing, I have always written many genres, for instance, poems, tales, narratives, introductions of essays. However I did not use to write following certains steps or a specific organization since I did not have any supporting theory just my own conviction. Nevertheless, I have learned and tried to implement different theories and models since this year. Undoubtedly, the latter has help me to improve on my writing and what is more, I am writing safely and consciously.


 As regards vocabulary and management of grammar structures , I used to write and use similar words and despite the fact that I did use the dictionary to look for words, I did not do it as a means of upgrading and enriching my vocabulary. I have been trying to incorporate new words, structures, models and I really hope to keep progessing and not aggravating my writing pieces. Since writing requires to manage the language well among other issues, I think that by taking risks and by playing with words, one has the possibility to create a pleasing piece of writing.

Aggravating

1. to make worse or more severe; intensify, as anything evil, disorderly, or troublesome: to aggravate a grievance; to aggravate an illness.

2. to annoy; irritate; exasperate: His questions aggravate her. 3. to cause to become irritated or inflamed: The child's constant scratching aggravated the rash.


Conviction
 noun 1. a fixed or firm belief: No clever argument, no persuasive fact or theory could make a dent in his conviction in the rightness of his position.

 2. the act of convicting; a declaration that a person is guilty of an offense.

 3. the state of being convicted.

 4. the act of moving a person by argument or evidence to belief, agreement, consent, or a course of action; the act of convincing.

 5. the state of being convinced.

 safely adjective, saf·er, saf·est.
1. secure from liability to harm, injury, danger, or risk: a safe place.

 2. free from hurt, injury, danger, or risk: to arrive safe and sound.

 3. involving little or no risk of mishap, error, etc.: a safe estimate.

 4. dependable or trustworthy: a safe guide.

 5. careful to avoid danger or controversy: a safe player; a safe play. adverb 8. Informal. in a safe manner; safely:


Upgrade
 adjective, adverb, verb, up·grad·ed, up·grad·ing.
noun 1. an incline going up in the direction of movement.

 2. an increase or improvement: an upgrade in the year's profit forecast.

 3. a new version, improved model, etc.: The company is offering an upgrade of its sports sedan.

 4. an increase or improvement in one's service, accommodations, privileges, or the like: If the ship isn't full we'll receive an upgrade to a deluxe stateroom.

 5. something, as a piece of equipment, that serves to improve or enhance: a full range of upgrades available for your computer.

Everything you need to know when writing an essay

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ART AND INCLUSION

                              PERFORMING ARTS AND PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Art has always been one of the principle means of human expression. Since dancing is one way of doing so, there are many associations that are concerned with it and also with the way in which people with disabilities are being considered for inclusion. In this research paper, an exploration of art Argentinean associations such as Mundo Alas, Grupo ALMA, Amar tango danza, and Spanish ones such as Flick Flock and Compañia Danza Mobile that work with disabled people and also life stories of four disabled dancers Demian Ariel Frontera, Reynaldo Ojeda, Zhai Xiawavei and Ma Li will be carried out.

     In Argentina, there are many groups that are involved in those disabled artists that express their feelings through dancing. For example, Mundo Alas is a project whose leader is the Argentine famous singer León Gieco. That project emerged two decades ago while singing in different recitals, what is more, the idea of developing it was not planed but commenced along the years. Gieco has been given the opportunity to show their abilities to many people with disabilities in his own recitals. As well as Mundo Alas, Grupo ALMA  is a dance company in Buenos Aires that specializes in partnering up wheelchair users with able-bodied people so that they can dance the tango. It was formed and managed by Susana Gonzales Gónz.in 1990. This group recognizes and respects individual similarities and differences, that is the reason why it has worked with equitable opportunities for many years. Moreover, this company works together with the former since many dancers that integrate Grupo ALMA perform in Mundo Alas project. Similarly, Amar Tango Danza is an association formed by parents whose children have disabilities. Its aim is to provide persons with different abilities and their parents with good attention, a place where to live and share experiences.
     Above all, there are many dancers that despite their disabilities make a real effort to show what they can do and what they are respected for. For instance, Demian Ariel Frontera was a gymnast in Argentina until he had an accident at the age of 14 which left him physically disabled. Since then, he has been performing and winning many dancing championships in different theatres, recitals, artistic and cultural events, among others. He together with his mother Susana Gonzalez Gonz direct the Grupo ALMA and also they take part in some of Leon Gieco´s recitals. Anyway, when salsa music is listened, Reynaldo Ojeda, a Colombian dancer, takes the stage. According to him, his biggest challenge was the disability itself he suffered due to his umbilical cord. It caused trouble in his left leg and the cord cut off the flow of blood causing the leg to die in his mother´s womb. Nowadays, he is considered one of the best salsa dancers that radiates enthusiasm and cheerfulness to those who see him performing. Similarly, Zhai Xiaowei is an artist that dances without a leg. He was not born with that physical disability,  on the contrary, at the age of four, an accident had caused him to lose his right leg. In his first years of life and mostly of his entire life, he had been a cyclist, however, he started to dance when he met Ma Li. She has always been a ballet dancer despite having lost her arm in an accident in 1996. “Hand in hand” is a known performance in which Zhai and Mali perform a contemporary dance, she without an arm and he without a leg.

     It is true that there are many skillful dancers around the world. That is why the Spanish association Flick Flock has members from different countries and with different disabilities such as visual and physical disabilities, people with hydrocephalus, among others. The company is directed by Rafael Navarro and Susana Alcón who developed that organization not only because of the integration that it implied but also for the artist purposes it carried out. Likewise, Compañia Danza Mobile is an association that was founded by Fernando Coronado y Esmeralda Valderrama in 1995. Its main objective is to demonstrate that art can transcend its aesthetic dimension and become a way of rupturing those false archetypes that are related to people with disabilities. The company does so by giving those persons the opportunities to evolve their abilities and by providing them with a place where to be in contact with the art of dancing.

     It is feasible to have a society which integrates and values artists not by what they lack but for what they are able to offer. To some extent, five among countless associations that exist around the world were described in this research paper that work mainly in Argentina and Spain by trying to change attitudes to disability which is in fact an uphill struggle. Furthermore, disabled dancers through their sublime performances evince that despite having a disability, it is possible to dance and to be an artist.

REFERENCE

·         Artistas discapacitados´website. Available at http://www.artistas.org.ar. Retrieved: July 6, 2013

• ·         Asociación Amar Tango Danza´s website. Available at http://misitio.enzona.com. Retrieved: July 6, 2013
• ·         Baile para discapacitados´ blog. Available at  http://baileparadiscapacitados.blogspot.com.ar/ Retrieved:  July 5, 2013
• ·         BBC´s website. Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved: July 5, 2013

• ·         Compañia Danza Mobile´s website. Available at  http://danzamobile.es/.  Retrieved: July 6, 2013
• ·         Diario Clarín´s website. Available at  http://edant.clarin.com. Retrieved: July 5, 2013
• ·         Discapacidad online´s website. Available at http://www.discapacidadonline.com. Retrieved: July 6, 2013
• ·         El sitio de Rock en la Argentina´s website. Available at http://www.rock.com.ar. Retrieved: July 6, 2013
• ·         Grupo ALMA´s website. Available at http://www.danzaintegradora.com.ar. Retrieved: July 6, 2013
• ·         Mundo Alas´website. Available at http://www.mundoalas.com.ar . Retrieved: July 5, 2013
• ·         Red educativa mundial. World educational network´s website. Available at http://www.redem.org. Retrieved: July 8, 2013
• ·         Secret Window of Fantasy´s blog. Available at http://secretwindowoffantasy.blogspot.com.ar. Retrieved: July 5, 2013

• ·         Show rock, el hormiguero del rock´s website. Available at http://www.showrock.com.ar. Retrieved: July 5, 2013
• ·         Youtube´s website: Hand in hand. Available at http://youtu.be/LnLVRQCjh8c. Retrieved: July 9, 2013
  ·         Youtube´s website: Reynaldo Ojeda-Alma Salsera- Japan Salsa Congress (2008). Available at http://youtu.be/WFUmN4tfO64. Retrieved: July 9, 2013
  ·         Youtube´s website: Rueda de tangos. Available at  http://youtu.be/O5WDXn2Kh8I. Retrieved: July 9, 2013
  ·         Youtube´s website: Sueños de Rocamadour. Available at http://youtu.be/xCGOHcr1eiw. Retrieved: July 9, 2013
  
  

  

ENTRY 9: Conclusion paragraph

Ultimately, the use of cell phones on the road must be regulated and taken into consideration by state legislators. Particularly, because imprudent and unconscious drivers can put their own life at risk as well as other´s by simply using phones. Researchers, expert testimony, public opinion and even cartoons make reference to what it has been mentioned before. Among others, in Japan, for instance, by prohibitting the use of handheld phones, the percentage of accidents linked to it fell in the country. To sum up, it is time to pass laws that regulate the use of cell phones on the road in order to decrease the amount of accidents while driving.

IN MY COUNTRY..

In my country, there are many provinces to visit depending on your preferences as regards the landscapes. For those people interested in hot weathers, it is a good option to try going to the North of Argentina. There you have Jujuy, Tucumán, Formosa, Chaco, Misiones, Entre Ríos, among others, where the temperatures are generally high as long as you move northwards. For those people who want snowy landscapes or cold places, the south is an alternative, being Ushuaia the coldest province. Then you have Chubut, Santa Cruz and Rio Negro. Anyway, going to the North or the South would be an exciting experience since Argentina is a wonderful country. As you can see, you have many options to choose in Argentina so it is you who decide what place you will enjoy most.

In my country, there is a good variety of landscapes to choose. For those people interested in hot weathers, it is a good option to try going to the North of Argentina. There you have Jujuy, Tucumán, Formosa, Chaco, Misiones, Entre Ríos, among others, where the temperatures are generally high as long as you move northwards. For those people who want snowy landscapes or cold places, the south is an alternative, being Ushuaia the coldest province. Then you have Chubut, Santa Cruz and Rio Negro. Anyway, going to the North or the South would be an exciting experience since Argentina is a wonderful country. If you have the opportunity to visit any country, a good option will be to choose Argentina and enjoy it.



METACOGNITIVE ANALYSIS:

Both the topic and the conclusion sentences from my partner reflect the idea of my whole paragraph. However, the topic sentence of my partner is quite short and not sufficiently descriptive of the content of the paragraph. As regards the conclusion sentence, it does not coincide with the topic sentence.

Immigration

                              IMMIGRANTS COMING TO ARGENTINA


Since many years ago, Argentina has been receiving many immigrants from different countries that have come to this country for many reasons. One of the main reasons why people from other countries came here is to get a job. It is said that although they are working, they are not treated in the same way as the ones who are Argentinian. Particularly, because they are paid less and also because many of them are not working for the State. However, there are exceptions in which immigrant persons have their own way of living, such is the case of Chinese and Japanese people who have their own supermarkets. As well as being jobs a source of interest to come to Argentina, education is another one. There are many people and most of them young people, who study here since they can have more responsibilities and they also have more opportunities and a large diversity of courses to study. In conclusion, Argentina is seen as a country where immigrants have important reasons to come.

Since many years ago, Argentina has been receiving many immigrants from different countries that have come for many reasons. Firstly, one of the main excuses why newcomers choose our country is to get a job. It is said that although they are working, they are not paid in the same way as the ones who are Argentinean. However, there are cases in which not only immigrants but also migrants do not receive a good salary. At the same time, foreigners have their own way of living, such is the case of Chinese and Japanese people among others, who have their own supermarkets. Secondly, as well as being jobs a source of interest to come to Argentina, education is another one. There are many people and most of them young ones, who study here since they have more opportunities and a large diversity of courses to study. What is more, some degrees got in Argentina have more validity than in other places. More importantly, education here is free in comparison to other countries where you have to pay to study. In conclusion, Argentina is seen as a country where immigrants have important reasons to come.